Back-pedaling brake.



A. P. MOBROW.

BACK PEDALING BRAKE.

APPLICATION rILBD AUG.10,1903,

906,149. Patented 1360.8, 1908,

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

\/\/|TNE55E5= INVENTUM w. y l MQW mfg/mw i MM f A. P. MORROW.

BADK PBDALING BRAKE.

APPLIUATION FILED Au.1o, 190s.

Patented Dec. 8, 19084 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ALEXANDER P. MORROW, OF ELMIRA, NEW YORK.

BAGK-PEDIJNG BRAKE.

specmcation'e i.ettn Patent.

Patented Dee. 8, 1908.

Application ledAugust 10, 190B. Seal No. 168,960.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER P. Mon- Row, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Elmira, in the county of Ohemung and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Back- Pedaling Brakes, of which the following is a speciiication. l'

This invention relates to back pedalin brakes. Its object is to produce efficient an simple mechanism, easy to assemble and to dismount.

It consists in the mechanism hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings z-Figure 1 is a horizontal section through a device embodying this invention; Figs. 2 and 3 are elevations of one of the movable parts; Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are cross sections respectively on the lines 4-4, 55 and 6-6 of Fig. 1; Fig. 7 is a view of a detail; and Fig. 8 is a view of the parts inside the hub separated.

The present embodiment of this invention comprises a hub 1 of a suitable construction having in it a shoulder 2 for a purpose hereinafter to be described, and provided also with cups at its ends for the series of balls 3 and 4 of the ball bearings. Through the axis of the hub asses the axle 5 to which the vehicle frame is attached. At one end of the hub the axle carries the cone 6 which forms a guide for the series of balls 7 which rest also against a cup formed vin the driving member or sleeve 8 Which carries the sprocket wheel 9 held on said sleeve by the lock nut 10 the driving sleeve 8 carries means for actuating thebraking means and the driving means, which in the present instance are the screw threads 11 on said sleeve which engage with a screw threaded block 12 carrying Wed es or expanding devices 13 for actuating t e driving clutch and the braking mechanism. The driving clutch consists of a split ring 14 in the present case com osed of two parts and carried within the ub adjacent to the shoulder 2, so that when the wedge or Wedges 13 move toward the right b movement of the sleeve 8 caused by forwar pedaling, the separated ends of the ring 14 expand against the hub, longitudinal movement being resisted by the' shoulder 2. This locks the driving member and the hub together so that they are driven as one part.

The segments 14 have peripheral end portions a, Big. 5, formed on the same radius as the, interior of the hub 1. Between said end portions a the peripheries of the segments 14 are depressed, as at b, so as not to make contact with the hub when the segments are separated. When the segments are forced against the hub in opposite directions by the Wedges 13, the end portions a of each segment operate by a wedgiifilg action against the hub and a powerful e ect'results; and this is the more powerful because this Wedging action is itself produced by the wedges 13. It will be noted that the segments 14 are free in the hub.

In order that the s lit ring 14 shall remain in place, especially i made in two or more pieces, each portion of said ring is provided with a stem 15, having an enlargedend and said stem passes through a slot, smaller than the head, in the block 12, but of such size or sha e as to ermit the clutching movements; an since t e stein or stems 15 are longer than the thickness of the block 12 the ring is held to said block but is capable of longitudinal movement for expansion and contraction.

The axle 5 has an enlargement 16 either fastened upon or inte al with it, which forms a centering support or the inner end of the driving sleeve 8 and also forms a guide for a part hereinafter described and a stop for determining the priper position of the axle and enlargement; an it also constitutes a support and guide for a portion of the brake apparatus. The brakeniember is com osed of several parts comprising an expansib e member consisting of a sleeve 17 referably of 'cylindrical form, and slottedf'om the end of the cylinder to near the other end thereof. These slots 18 are. open and tapered at one end so as to fit upon the wed e 13.- One or more slots may thanA one, then one or more of the slots 19 may run from the left hand end, see Fig. 3, of the sleeve 17, toward but not to the ri ht handend of 'said sleeve. The outer en of each slot 19 is tapered and fits upon a Wedge 20 u on a block 21 fitting inside the end of the s eeve 17 and capable of movement therein. The block 21 is held in the sleeve 17 by means of pins 22 driven into the block and in one form through the end of the slot 18. Likewise the block 12 is held in the sleeve 17 e employe and if more siots 18, thereby expanding the ieeve i7 at by ins 23 fastened in said block 12 and extending outward throu h the ends of the slots 19. The outer or eft hand end of the block 21 carries a series of teeth or corrugations 24 constituting art of a brake-operating clutch and said b ook has a tapered hollow 25 in its center. Into the end of the hub 1 extends a block 26 having upon its under face a series of corrugations 27 constitutin the other part of the brake-operating clutc and adapted to en age corrugations 24 above mentioned. The lock 26 acts as a cone for the series of balls 3 and carries also between it and the ling 21 a retarding device consisting of a ring 28 fitting in the hollow cone 25 of the ring 21 and normally pressed into said hollow cone by a spring 29 which bears against the block 26, and normally maintains disengagement of the brake-operating clutch.

The b ook 26 is screwed upon the axle and has its bearin against the end of the enlargement '16 whic latter enlargement is reduced at its end so as to take upon it the ring 28 and to maintain it into osition.

The block 26 carries also a brake arm 30 as usual, for attachment to the frame of the vehicle or bicycle to which this device may be applied. The block 26 and its attached parts constitute a stationaryJ brake support that is operative when the rake operating clutch is engaged.

The operatlon of the mechanism is as follows: Upon forward pedaling the sprocket wheel 9 1s driven in one directlon, moving the block 12 toward the right in Fig. 1, forcing the wedges 13 between the ends of the driv-r' clutch 14, ex an the clutch ainst tuli hub, and conriiaetiilghe arts for dgi'iving the hub forwardly. If it is esired to coast, the feet are held stationary which stops the movement of the s rocket wheel and driving sleeve 8, While the ub 1 continues to revolve forwardl The effect of this movement of the hub 1s to carry with it the block 12 and to cause said block to run slightly toward the left on the threads 11 of the sleeve 8. This draws the wedge 13 from the clutch 14 and releases the connection of said clutch with the hub, thus permitti the hub to continue its rotation free from t e driving clutch or other parts. I f the rider desires to appli the brake, the pedal rotation is reversed t ereb turning the sleeve 8 so as to force the block 12 further toward the left and to compress the s rin 29. -The retarder ring 28 tends to ho d t e block 12 stationary while the sleeve 8 revolves and thus secures cerf tainty of action of the parts. The reverse rotation of the sleeve 8 just described forces the wedges 'i3 into the tapered ends of the that end, and at the same time moving the whole sleeve and the block 21 toward the left. This brings the corrugations 24 on the block 28 into engagement with corrugations 27 on comme the stationary block 26 and locks the clutch parts together so that the block 21, brake sleeve 17, and block 12 are held stationary. This further movement of the block 12 toward the left forces the sleeve 17 on the wedges 20 and drives said Wedges into the slots 19, thereby expanding the sleeve 17 at the left hand end. As soon as the sleeve 17 is expanded, it makes frictional contact between the brake member and the interior of the hub 1 and, being held stationary by the brake support, resists rotation ofthe hub as ma be desired by the rider. By forward pe aling the sleeve 8 is turned in the forward direction and the block 12 moves toward the right, pulling with it the sleeve 17, disengaging the block 21 from the block 26, and thereby discontinuing the brake action and setting the driving clutch. It will be noticed that there are four rincipal parts in this mechanism First, t e hub; second, the driving sleeve 8 carrying the sprocket wheel 9; third, the brake sleeve 17 carrying the brake clutch block 12 and the driving clutch 14; and fourth, the stationary block or support 26. This brake is composed of afew parts, is easy to assemble and dismount, has a minimum friction for accurate operation, and has a large braking surface. V

'lhe enlargement 16 of the axle is flattened as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 4, and the retarder rin 28 is formed to fit thereon in order that sai retarder ring should not be capable of revolution.

' As shown in 5, the outer peri heral end ortions of the sections 14 of the riving clutc are ada ted to make contact with the interior of the ub 1, but the said clutch sections do not make contact with the hub at points between the said outer peripheral end portions a. When the wedges 13 se arate the ends of the clutch section 14, sai ends move directlyvaway from each other and there is a powerful wedgin engagement between the ends of the clutc sections 14 and the interior of the hub. The intermediate portions l) of the clutch sections 14 between said outer peripheral end ortions a, do not come in contact with thev ub and therefore do not resist the separation of the clutch sections. The driving clutch formed in this Way is much more powerful than if the clutch sections made'contact with the hub at points midwas orI substantially midway between the en In the operation of this device the brake member rotates with the hub during forward driving, is stationary with the driving member du coast and is stationary when bra hel so by the brake support is of course seme slight retary movement of the brake member with reference to the driving member, sufficient to shift the wedges and operate the driving clutch on forward pedalmg, to re ane the wenn dri clutch when hol the dals sta# tionannr7 and toset the brallifxaligipon ack pedalmalghe fact that the brake memberrevolves with lthe hub during forward pedaling and driving of the vehic e, removes a chance of friction which exists in many back pedaling brakes. In this device there can be no detrimental friction if the 'brake member itself revolves with the hub during forward pedaling of an axle, a hub thereon, 'a driving member, A

a brake anchor, a longitudinally movable ex'- pansible friction brake member mounted within the hub, and means actuated by said driving member for connecting said brake` member to said brake anchor by longitudinal movementl of the former in the hub and expending said brake member against said hub y the same movement.

of an axle, a hubthereon, a driving member pro'ecting into-one end of the hub, y.abrake anc or, a longitudinally movable expansible friction-brake member mounted within the hub and means actuated by said driving member for connect' said brake member to said brake anchor by ongitudinal movement of the former in the hub and ex anding said brake member Aagainst said hublby the same movement.

3. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle, a hub thereon, a dri 'v member means for drivingeaid hub forwar ly by said driving member, a brake anchor, a longitudinally movable expansible friction-brake member mounted within the hub free from said hub and from said brake support, and means actuated by said dri member for con necting said brake mem r and said nbrake anchor by longitudinal movement of the former in the hub and ex andingsaid brake member against said hub by the same move- .55 the lots `longitu prroiecting inte the hub, a stationary/brake supponga brake aleeve within the hub havtndinalslots pant wav the llength oftbeebm g means adapdto'enter fnally and to expand said by said wedging. means.

6. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle, a hub thereon, a driving member, a brake anchor, a longitudinally movable expansible friction-brake ,member mounted within the hub, clutching means between the brake member and the brake anchor effected by longitudinal movement of the brake member in the hub and clutchin means between the driving member and te hub,"and means actuated by the driving member releasing said clutches alternately and for setting and expanding said brake member against the hub by the same movement.

7. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle, a hub thereon, a driving m ber, a brake anchor, a longitudinally movable carried b the member, and means of whic the driving member is part for making connection and disconnection between said brake member and said brake anchor and expanding said brake member against the hub, said connection and disconnection and brake expansion being effected by logitudinal movement of the brake member in thehub.

8. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle, a hub thereon, a driving member, a brake anchor, va. longitudinally movable expansible friction-brake member within the 4hub carried and actuated by the driving member and ada ted to rotate with the hub during forward iving and to be held stationary by the brake anchor upon back peddling and to be free from the hub and the rake anchor while the pedals are stationary, and means of which the driving member is a part for making connection and disconnection between said brake member and said brake anchor and expanding said brake member against th hub, saidpconn'ection and disconnection and brake expansion being effected by longitudinal movement of the brake member in the hu'b.

9. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle, a-'hub thereon a driving member, a brake anchor, two clutch members, one movable longitudinal] to engage the anchor and the 'other'adapte to engage the hub, an ex ansible friction-brakemember Within the hu rotatively connected with both said two clutch members. one movable longitudi nally for engaglg the brake anchor and the other adapted to engage said hub, and means actuated by the driving `member when moving in the rotary direction to op crate one clutch first mentioned tov connect the brake member and the brake anchor and to the brake .member against the hub by the same movement, and when the expansible friction-brake member within the 2. In a brake mechanism, the combination khu driving member is moving in the other direction to disconnect the brake member from said brake anchor and actuate the other clutch to connect the driving member with the hub.

10. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle, a hub thereon, a driving member, a brake anchor having one part of a brake-operating clutch, a lon itudinally movable brake operating clutcii member adapted to engage the anchor and a driving clutch member; an ex )ansible friction-brake member within the hu adapted to be forced into contact with the hub and rotatively connected with said brake-o erating clutch and said driving clutch memlier, and means actuated by the driving member when moved in one rotary direction for connecti the two parts of said brake-operating clutc by longitudinal movement of the brake member in the hub and expanding said brake member against the hub by the same movement and when the driving member is moved in the opposite Arota direction for connecting said driving clutc member with the hub.

11. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle, a hub thereon, a driving member, a stationary brake support having one member of a brake operating clutch, a brake member com osed of a slotted sleeve and theother mem er of said brake operating clutch, and wedging means actuated by said member for simultaneously en` gaging said clutch members and for expanding the slotted portion of said sleeve.

12. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle, a hub thereon, a driving member, a stations brake support, an expansible brake menliber having a clutch for engaging with and disengaging from said brake support, and a longitudinally movable part actuated longitudinall by said driving member for connecting sai brake operating clutch and for expanding said brake member against the hub.

13. In a brake mechanism, the combination of the axle 5, the hub 1, the driving sleeve 8, having the screw threads 11, the stationary brake support 26 having the clutch part 27, the brake membeq consisting of the slotted sleeve 17, the brake operating clutch part 21 carried b said sleeve and adapted to engage the clutch part 27, the screw threaded b ock 12 running on the threads of the driving sleeve 8 and ha wedges longitudinally movable by rotation of the sleeve 8 into the slotted portions of the brake sleeve 1, oppositely wedges the dri' clutch ber 14 adapted te :u :e bysaid oppositely arranged wed upon rotation 0 the driving sleeve in t e opposite direction.` A 14. In a brake mechanism, the combination of the axle 5 the hub 1, the driving sleeve 8, having the screw threads 11, the stationary brake sup ort 26 having the clutch part 27, rthe bra e member consisting of the slotted sleeve 17, the brake operatin clutch art 2l carried b said sleeve an adapte to enga e the cutch part 27, the screw threaded lock 12 running on the threads of the driving sleeve 8 and having wedges longitudinally movable by rotation of the sleeve 8 into the slotted portions of the brake sleeve 1, o positely arranged wedges, the driv' clutcli) member 14 adapted to be expanded y said oppositely arranged wedges upon rotation of the driving sleeve in the o posite direction, and a retarder for said bra e member.

l5. In a brake mechanism, the combination of the axle 5, the hub 1, the dri sleeve 8, having the screw threads 11, the stationary brake support 26 having the clutch part 27,` the brake member consisting of the slotted sleeve 17, the brake operating clutch part 21 carried by said sleeve and adapted to engage the clutch part 27, the screw threaded block 12 runnin on the threads of the driving sleeve 8 andf aving wedges longitudinally movable by rotation of the sleeve 8 into the slotted portions of the brake sleeve 1, oppositely arranged wedges the driving clutch member 14 adapted to be expanded by said oppositely arranged wedges upon rotation of t e diiving sleeve in `the opposite direction, and a sp for normally separating said brake operatm clutch members.

16. In a bra e mechanism, the combination of a hub, a driving member, a split friction-brake rmember, a split driving clutch member consisting of two se arate sections, and a block actuated by said rivin member and having a double wed e adapte to enter the split ortions of saidrake member and between t e ends of the sections of said driving clutch for setting them respectively.

17. In a brake mechanism, the combination of a hub, a driving member, a split friction-brake member, a split driving clutch member, a block actuated by said dri member and having a double Wedge adapted to enter the split portions of said brake member and of said driving clutch for setting them res actively, a stationary brake su port, and) means for connecting said br e member and said brake support by movement of said block in one direction.

18. In aback pedaling brake mechanism, a wheel hub, a driving memberI a brake member adapted to be set by said driving member and a l clutch consisting of a split ring composed ci two free. separate seotions each ha radial projections at both ends adapted to make contact with said hub, the said sections free from the hub bee tween said end portions, and means actuated tions bodily member adapted to be set by said drivingmember and a drivin clutch consisting of a split ring composed o two free separate sectlons eachihaving radial projections at both ends adapted to make contact with said hub the sections being free from the hub between said end portionsl and wedging means actuated by said driving member for moving said sections bodily a art in opposite directions on forward peda ing.

20. In a brake mechanism, the combination of an axle, a hub thereon; a driving member at one end of the hub having a sleeve projecting therein; a brake anchor at the op- Eosite end of the hub; an ex ansible frictionrake member located wit the hub be# tween said driver and saidn anchor; a longitudinally shiftable part revolubly connected with said brake member, having a spiral connection with the said sleeve of the said driving member, whereby said shiftable part is -moved lon tudinally on back pedalm to enage wit and disengage from the anc or; an means operated by the driver, and includin'g saidshiftable part adapted on forward pedaling to connect the driver with the huh, and on back pedaling to expand the brake member,

`ALEIIIDER P. MORROW.

f Witnesses: r w

GEO. H. OoUPnn, D. L Wmmnn. A 

